Causes And Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer - 1385 Words

INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death Worldwide. It is the eighth most common cause of death from cancer in both individuals. Higher incidence is noted as thirteen because of the very poor prognosis. Less than 5% of all patients are still alive only for 5 years after initial diagnosis. It is rarely detected in the early stages and conventional cancer treatment failed due to high resistance to chemotherapy. Pancreatic cancer develops gradually in a series of steps known as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. This is the most prominent stage of cancer. During the early steps, slight changes are seen in a small number of genes. In the later steps, there are abnormalities in several genes and the duct cells become dysfunctional. The most common DNA changes in these conditions affects the KRAS oncogene. KRAS is the mutated gene in PDAC and this gene is said to drive cancer development and progression. This was observed in mouse as human pancreatic tissue is not available for biopsy and animal tissue have the ease of genetic manipulation and cost effective. Inflammation is the main phenomenon that is said to promote the formation of premalignant lesions and accelerates pancreatic cancer development. PDAC is caused by immune dysfunction that is contributed by immunosuppressive cell types such as TAM’s, MDSC’s, tumor promoting immune cells and abnormal inflammatory cells. CURRENT APPROACH The role of the immune response in the developmentShow MoreRelatedCauses And Treatments Of Pancreatic Cancer832 Words   |  4 Pages23 October 2015 Pancreatic Cancer Cancer is a number one cause of death in both men and women around the world. Pancreatic cancer holds a survival rate of just 6% of people surviving within five years after being diagnosed, and there is still no definite cure to the deadly diagnosis. A majority of pancreatic cancer patients fight a long, tiring battle that they usually cannot defeat. Although, this cancer may be very deadly there are many early diagnosis procedures and treatments that can be performedRead MoreCauses And Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer2511 Words   |  11 PagesAbstract: Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with the 4th highest mortality amongst all cancers. Causes of such high mortality include rapid proliferation, late diagnosis and lack of treatment options available. New therapy aiming to decrease mortality in pancreatic cancer patients aim to work with oncolytic viruses to halt the cell cycle pathway. One of the more promising mutations is the E1A-CR2-deleted AD5 mutants however there are many different types of mutated viruses aimed atRead MoreCauses And Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer1573 Words   |  7 PagesPancreatic Cancer What exactly is the pancreas it is an organ that makes insulin and enzymes for digestion. The pancreas is located behind the lower part of the stomach and is about the size of a hand (National Institute of Health, n.d.). Pancreatic cancer is a disease that targets the Pancreas. Can start out as pancreatitis, which can be acute inflammation of the pancreas or the hereditary and even the deadliest chronic pancreatitis. The chronic form can devastate and debilitate the patient thisRead MoreCauses And Treatments Of Pancreatic Cancer968 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will discuss pancreatic cancer, statistics of the disease, different types, treatments, and how your everyday nutrition intake can attract it and vice versa. Pancreatic cancer is the fourth deadliest cancer in the world with very low survival rates depending on what stage you have. Over 95% of patients diagnosed will die from the disease, and most within one year of their diagnosis. There two main types of this disease bei ng exocrine tumors (most commonly called adenocarcinoma) and endocrineRead MoreEssay about Pancreatic Cancer1443 Words   |  6 PagesPancreatic Cancer Cancer of the pancreas is a genetic disease that is the fifth most common cause of death in both men and women. Pancreatic cancer affects approximately 28,000 Americans each year, or five out of 100,000 people (Mayo Clinic, 1998). According to physicians at Johns Hopkins Medical Institute, pancreatic cancer is the challenge of the twenty-first century. So, where exactly is the pancreas located in our bodies, and what does it do? The pancreas is a gland found behind the stomachRead MoreDifferent Treatment Options For Cancer1606 Words   |  7 PagesThe different treatment options available for cancer vary depending on which cancer has been diagnosed. Pancreatic cancer which affects the pancreas and surrounding lymph nodes and tissue, is the 4th leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States (pancreatic.org) and when compared to the other leading cancers in mortality rates, 94% of pancreatic cancer patients will die within five years of diagnoses and only 7% will surviv e more than five years. According to the Hirschberg FoundationRead MorePancreatic Cancer1336 Words   |  6 PagesPancreatic Cancer Axia College (2009) Pancreatic cancer is an abnormal, uncontrolled growth of the cells in the pancreas, which is a digestive gland located behind the stomach. The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland. Cancer of the exocrine pancreas is more common than cancerof the endocrine pancreas. Pancreaticcancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer related deaths among men and women. Pancreatic cancer remains both a challenge to diagnose and even a greater challenge to treatRead MorePancreatic Cancer : A Form Of Cancer1273 Words   |  6 PagesPancreatic Cancer is a form of cancer in which malignant cancer cells invade the pancreas, a gland that produces digestive fluid and hormones that regulate blood sugar. There are two types of pancreatic cancer: exocrine and endocrine cancer. The malignant cells can infiltrate either the exocrine pancreatic cells, responsible for digestive fluid, or the endocrine pancreatic cells, responsible for regulatory hormones. If the pancreas’ exocrine cells are affected metabolic functions are slowed or stoppedRead MoreEssay on Analysis and Description of Pancreatic Cancer1734 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Pancreatic Cancer? Pancreatic Cancer is cancer of an organ in the human body called the pancreas, which is located behind the lower part of the stomach. The function of this organ is to secrete certain essential enzymes to digest food and also secrete hormones to metabolize sugars such as insulin and glucagon (Mayoclinic). People get pancreatic cancer when the cells of the pancreas develop genetic mutations; and these can form in both the exocrine and endocrine cells of the pancreas, butRead MoreThe Problem Of Pancreas Adenocarcinoma With Complete Encasement Of The Superior Mesenteric Artery And Vein1238 Words   |  5 PagesProblem Pancreas adenocarcinoma with complete encasement of the superior mesenteric artery and vein. AJCC stage III, T4 Nx M0. Definition †¢ Fourth most common cancer mortality cause in USA.1 †¢ Contributes to 3% estimated new cancer each year in USA, contributing to 44, 030 new diagnosis and 37, 660 expected deaths in 2013.1 †¢ Most aggressive cancer with less than 2% 5 years survival.1 †¢ Clinical staging o Stage I or II – surgically resectable.2 o Stage III – localy advanced, unresectable.2 o Stage IV

Waiting For The Land Book Review - 838 Words

Gabe Johnson Waiting for the Land Book Review BIBL3103-A Due: 5/10/15 Waiting for the Land, by Arie C. Leder, is an interesting book for a number of reasons. Leder does a good job looking at the Pentateuch as a whole story, and tying it into the narrative of the bible. Basically, the whole story of the Pentateuch covers the giving of the law (for the purpose of fellowship), rejection of the law, and departure from fellowship. Leder also states that the Pentateuch has a chiastic structure, with Genesis standing in contrast of Deuteronomy. Part of the Pentateuch discusses the Israelites complete failure to follow directions. For example, men in Genesis build a tower in attempt to â€Å"reach God† rather than pursue Him through sacrifice. Since Able knew to sacrifice to God, it seems clear that God did provide mankind with some kind of system for reaching out to Him, prior to the giving of the full law. Mankind took God’s earth, which was created for mankind to fellowship with God, and ruined it by following human impulses. The chiastic structure is demonstrated through a number of features. Genesis and Deuteronomy both promise blessings upon the descendants of Israel, giving of the land, and discuss the separation of Israel from the rest of the nations. Exodus and Numbers focus on Israel’s time in the desert, discuss the roles of Levites and first-born sons, denounce magicians, and deal with plagues and curses. This leaves Leviticus, specifically the Day ofShow MoreRelated Comparing Black Elk Speaks and The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fist Fight in Heaven1679 Words   |  7 PagesFistFight in Heaven      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Traditionally, Native American Literature has been an oral genre. Although Native American Literature was the first American literature created, it has been the last to be recognized -and, to some extent, is still waiting for full recognition (www.usc.edu). 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Mb0041-Financial and Management Accounting-4 Credits Free Essays

Accounting concepts: Accounting is the language of business. Accounting information has to be suitably recorded classified, summarised and presented. Accountants adopt the following concepts in recording of accounts 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Mb0041-Financial and Management Accounting-4 Credits or any similar topic only for you Order Now Business Entity concept The business unit is treated as a separate and distinct from the persons who owe it.Hence business transactions must be kept completely separate from the private affairs of the owner this concept enables the owner top ascertain the picture of a business. 2. Going concern concept It is assumed that the business will exist for the future and transactions are recorded from this point of view. A firm is said to be a going concern when there is neither the intention nor the necessity to wind up its operation. In other words, it continues to operation at its present scale in foreseeable future. 3. Money Measurement Concept All transactions are expressed and interpreted in terms of money.Accounting records only those transaction, which are being expressed in monetary terms through quantitative records are also kept. 4. Accounting period concept A business is assumed to continue indefinitely. In order to ascertain the state of affairs of the business at different intervals we have to choose the intervals for ascertaining the financial position and operational results at each such interval, which is known as accounting period. 5. Dual Aspect concept Each transaction has two aspects. 1) Debit aspect. 2) Credit aspect. If a business has acquired an asset it must have result,There has been a profit leading to an increase in the amount that the business owes to the proprietor Accounting Principles: The double entry system of accounting is based on a set of principle which is called generally accepted accounting principles. It incorporates the consensus at a particular time as to: †¢Which economic resources and obligations should be recorded as assets and liabilities by financial accounting, †¢Which changes in assets and liabilities should be recorded †¢When these changes are to be recorded, †¢How the assets and liabilities and changes in them should be measured, †¢What information should be disclosed and Which financial statement should be prepared. Q . 2 Pass Journal entries for the following transactions. Solution: Journal DateParticulars LfDebitCredit Cash A/C Dr To capital A/C (Being Madan invested in business) Purchase A/c Dr To cash A/C (Being credit purchases) Drawing A/C Dr To cash A/C (Being cash withdrawn for personal use) Purchase A/C Dr To cash A/C (Being cash purchase)Wages A/C Dr To cash A/C (Being wages paid)70000 14000 3000 12000 5000 70000 14000 3000 12000 5000 Q. 3Explain the various types of errors disclosed by trial balance Ans: Those errors that can be disclosed by trial balance can easily be located. As soon as the trial balance does not tally, the accountant can proceed to find out the spots where the errors might have been committed. The total amount of difference in the trial balance is temporarily transferred to a â€Å"Suspense Account â€Å"so that it can be mitigated as and when the error get rectified.Therefore the suspense account get debited or credited as the case may be on rectification of these types of error. The following are errors: a) Posting a wrong amount; This mistake may occur while posting an entry from subsidiary book to ledger. b) Posting to the wrong side of an account: This error is committed while posting entries from subsidiary book to ledger. c) Wrong totalling: Both under casting and over casting are detected by trial balance. if any account is wrongly totalled, it gets reflected in the trial balance. ) Omitting to post an entry from subsidiary book to ledger: If an entry made in the subsidiary book does not get posted to ledger, the trial balance does not tally. e)Omission of an account altogether from being I shown in trial balance. f) Posting an amount to a correct account more than once; This result is imbalance in trial balance. g) Posting an item to the same side of two different ledger accounts: If two accounts are debited/credited for the same transaction, this type of error occurs. Q. 4 From the following balances extracted from trail balance, prepare trading Account. Solution: The closing stock at the end of the period is Rs. 6000 TRADING ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDING—— Dr Particulars Rs Cr Particulars Rs To stock on 1-1-200470700 To purchase 102000 (-) Returns Outwards 3000 99000By sales 250000 (-)Returns Inwards 3000 247000 To carriage inwards5000By closing stock56000 To import duty6000 To clearing charges7000 To Royalty10000 To Fire Insurance2000 To Wages8000 To Gas,electricity,water4000 To GROSS PROFIT91300 TOTAL303000TOTAL303000 Q. 5Differentiate Financial Accounting and management accounting. Ans: S. NoBasis of differenceFinancial accountingManagement Accounting 1. . 3. 4. 5. 6. Object Nature Subject matter Compulsion Precision ReportingTo record various transaction in order to know the financial position. It is helpful to share holders, creditors, bankers etc. It is mainly concerned with the historical data. It is concerned with assessing the results of the whole business. It is compulsory in certain undertakings Actual figures are recorded and there is no room for using approximate figures It is prepared to find out profitability and financial position of the concern. It is useful for outsiders. To help the management in formulating policies and plans.It deals with the projection of data for the future. It deals separately with different units, Department and cost centres. It is not compulsory No employee is given to actual figures. the approximate figures are more useful than the exact figures It is only for internal use. Q. 6 Following is the Balance sheet of M/s Srinivas Ltd. you are required to prepare a fund flow statement. How to cite Mb0041-Financial and Management Accounting-4 Credits, Papers